The Lemon Tree Dilemma Essay Example for Free

The Lemon Tree Dilemma EssayThe website EEOC.gov should be a bookmarked site for any individual who is working as or plans to work as a manager in a business with more than whiz (i.e., the owner) employee. This website contains the information that the federal government expects companies and businesses to drop and follow with respect to hiring, firing, and disciplining its employees. It explains disabilities, how to handle them, and when to use them in making hiring decisions. It also provides information about protected classes, in which people must be a member before they can claim discrimination. You should plan to visit the EEOC website during this week to help work through this honourable dilemma faced by Paul and Mary, two managers in the company in The Lemon Tree. Read through the fictional dilemma, and then choose the discomfit of discrimination discussed therein, planning to debate the ramifications of that with your classmates and your instructor. Some of this seem s obvious, but others arent as easy to determine as they seem. Your instructor will bring in wise and different twists and turns as we go along. Read the dilemma, and then lets discuss. (The dilemma is found on the left tree, entitled The Lemon Tree Dilemma. )1. What is one aspect of prenomen VII that has been violated by the company? 2. Which actions by the two employees that call their credibility into question are you allowed, as an employer, to consider? Or, what types of actions are you not allowed to use and why? Are there any you wish you could use?Remember to support your answers to the questions above with a law or business reason. 1. Be sealed to cover the different types of discrimination in this thread all categories are possible areas for assessment on the Final Exam. 2. Next week, while the espionage case is on a lower floor investigation, Paul opens hiring for Peter Puffs position and Mary opens hiring for Jackies position. Paul hires the first qualified white ma le who applies.

History of the U.S. Income Tax Essay Example for Free

History of the U.S. Income Tax EssayThe income levy of the United States of America, be it federal, state and local, has changed over time. Different circumstances pushed the regime to create taxation and to amend the existing taxation laws. During the pre-Revolutionary War era in the 1700s, taxes were not imposed by the colonial government as their need for tax taxation did not exist. The colonies, on the other hand, had greater responsibilities therefore, had greater need for tax revenue.Because of this, contrasting types of taxes were imposed by the colonies. The southern colonies imposed taxes on imports and exports while the middle colonies imposed taxes on property and a poll tax on each adult male. The recent England colonies, on the other hand, collected taxes through property taxes, income taxes and excise taxes. When the English Parliament realized the need for money to pay for the French war, it imposed different taxes to the American colonies through the Stamp Act which was enacted in 1765.Later on, this Stamp Act was revised to include taxes for permits, newspapers, legal documents and playing cards. The Townsend Act was later on enacted by the Parliament to include taxes for paint, tea and paper . After a decade of paying taxes, there was much resistance to the tax imposed by the Parliament. During the Boston Tea Party in 1773, colonists, dressed as Native Americans, threw 342 chests of tea from a ship of the British East India Company to the Boston Harbor.In 1775, Isaac Backus during the Massachusetts Assembly said that Its not all America now appealing to Heaven erst against injustice of being taxedWe are persuaded that an entire exemption from being taxed by civil rulersis not mere favor from any men in the world but a right and property granted us by God, who commands us to stand fast in it . Taxation is considered as one of the factors that led to American War for Independence hence, when America gained its Independence, expre ssion 1, Section 9, Article 4 of the U. S. Constitution in 1787 declared that there be no capitation or any direct taxes imposed on the citizens.The case government had very little responsibilities during these times and relied only on donations given by the States for its revenue. However, in 1789, the Founding Fathers realized that it could not function at its talent if it relied only on other governments donations hence the national Government was granted the authority to impose taxes. The sensitivity to taxation was still existing at this geological period in time hence the government has to be careful on how it impose taxes so as to minimize resistance from its people.Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of the exchequer in the 1790s, decided that a sin tax was imposed . Through the sin tax, only items which society thinks is deviant or vice were taxed much(prenominal) as distilled spirits, alcohol and whiskey. However, this still led to the armed revolt called Whisky Rebellion by a group of South Pennsylvania farmers. Still during the 1790s, the Federal Government imposed direct taxes to owners of houses, slaves and land. However, when Thomas Jefferson was elected to office in 1802, these direct taxes were removed and for the succeeding 10 years, only excise taxes were imposed.The reason for this was because he realized the inverse relationship of tax straddles and tax revenue wherein the higher the taxes imposed on the citizens, the slower the economy grows hence the tax revenue declines. A cut in the treasure of tax means that income for the family will become higher, expenditures become higher and hence, the economy experiences growth. During the 1812 War, the need for tax revenue resurfaced again hence taxes on the sales of gold, jewelry, watches and silver were imposed. Treasury notes were also issued to raise money.However, in 1817, the Congress revoked these taxes and for the next 40 years, government revenue was based on high customs duties and sale of government or public land . In 1861, when the Civil War erupted, the Revenue Act of 1861 was enacted. This Act restored the previous taxes on personal income. This tax was similar to the modern income tax because it was based on a gradual taxation of withholding tax from its source. A person earning $600 to $10,000 a year pay 3% tax. Persons with income higher than $10,000 paid a higher rate of tax.In 1862, the debt created by the war was rising at a rate of $2 million per day hence there was another need for the government to increase its revenue. Because of this, the Congress passed another tax fabrication on items such gunpowder, playing cards, telegrams, iron, pianos, yatchs, drugs, among others. After the Civil War, the need for revenue declined and hence the income tax was abolished and only the excise taxes remained from 1868 to 1913. The War Revenue Act in 1899 was enacted to raise notes for the Spanish-American War.Government revenues, thru this Act, was raised t hrough sales of bonds, tax imposition on recreational facilities, beer and tobacco. However, the Supreme Court realized that the people of America were becoming awake(predicate) that the high tarrifs and excise taxes were not good to the economic welfare of the nation and that these taxes were usually paid by the less affluent citizens. Hence, there was an agreement that work income instead was imposed tax. By 1913, Congress enacted a new income tax law which imposes 1% to 7% for persons with income above $500,000.These people earning above $500,000 was only 1% of the total United States population . During World War I, the United States needed to increase its revenue again to fund the war. The 1916 Act raised the tax imposition from 1% to 2% and could go as high as 15% for those with income of more than $1. 5 million. By 1917, the government still needs further government revenue to pay for the war, hence the War Revenue Act of 1917 was enacted. Through this Act, exemptions were lowered and tax judge increased that those who earn $40,000 needs to pay 16% tax rate.In 1918, the tax rates were further increased. Those citizens paying 1% had to pay 6%. The highest rate in 1917 was 15% but during 1918, this was increased to 77%. Due to this increase in tax rates, government revenue increased from $761 million during 1916 to $3. 6 billion in 1918. After the war, the government revenue arise and the government decided to cut taxes to 1% bottom rate and 25% top rate . The Great Depression during the late 1920s and early thirties pushed the government to once again increase the tax rates.The Tax Act of 1932 was enacted and by 1936, the bottom tax rate was at 4% and the top tax rate reached 79%. When the World War II came, another price hike came into place which altered the tax rates. Those with taxable income of less than $500 paid a bottom rate of 23% taxes while those earning taxable income of over a million dollars paid about 94% of taxes . The tax structure i n the United States was also heavily altered in that the number of taxpayers increased from 4 million during 1939 to roughly 43 million during the World War II. passim all these years of implementing taxation, the government learned a very of the essence(p) lesson which until now is being valued by government officials and economists and has affected the tax laws enacted in the country the marginal dollar is far more important to the economy compared to the tax rate being used. The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 was utilise with this important lesson in mind. Unlike the previous taxation laws, this Act was intended to focus on marginal tax rates and it also included economic consumption taxes.However, due to the deep recession experienced by the country in 1982, the government was once again faced with the need to increase tax rates to overcome budget deficits. Following the 1982 recession was an economic boom which lead the country to believe that marginal tax rates are very important for a strong economy. During the Reagan administration, tax rates were further reduced and had a broader base through the Tax Reform Act of 1986. This reduced tax rate from 50% to 28% while business taxes were reduced from 50% to 35% .In 1997, the Taxpayer Relief Actof 1997 was enacted. The significant party of this Act was the Per electric razor Tax reliance which benefited the lower-income families. During the Bush administration in 2001, the government experienced a budget surplus of about $281 billion hence a tax cut was once again conducted . This tax cut included raising the Per Child Tax Credit from $500 to $1,000 per child, as well as increased the Dependent Child Tax Credit. Until now, this tax law is being implemented and is expected to boost economic growth for the country.

Thomas Hardy Country Complex And Pessimistic Fatalism English Literature Essay

Thomas Hardy Country Complex And Pessimistic Fatalism side of meat literature EssayThomas Hardy was born on June 2, 1840, in hurrying Bockhampton, not far from Dorchester, in Dorsetshire, southern England. The son of Thomas Hardy, a passkey mason or building contractor, and Jemima Hand, a wo manhood of some literary interests. Hardys formal education consisted of about eight years in local schools. He was bright enough so that, by this time, hed read a good deal in English, French, and Latin on his confess. Later, in London, he made his accept rather careful study of painting and English poetry. He was also interested in music and learned to play the violin. At the age of sixteen, he was apprenticed to an architect in Dorchester and remained in that profession, later in London and then again in Dorchester, for almost twenty years.Most of his novels are ground on his hometown Dorset and Dorchester areas as the background. His hometown is a far away from industrial civilization, maintaining the traditional patriarchal village, surrounded by leafy woodland and heather moors. Due to his recondite attachment to nature, Hardy a lot with his father goes into the wilderness, holding a special feeling for nature, namely, champion of beauty, mystery, fear and poetry. Hardys family has a favorite musical tradition. Hardys grandfather was a cellist in the church Hardys father and uncle are also members of the music team. Under the guidance of his father, Hardy began learning to play the violin, cultivating an extraordinary music excavate for him. This is reason that Hardys works commence a strong aesthetic attitude. Born in a farm family, Hardys m some other was well-educated, had a higher appreciation of literature, and often told stories to him. These feelings have permeated all of Hardy later creation, and underlay a major feature of his creation. His family education, upbringing circumstance and his own experience formed his countryside complex.Hardys devel opment of cerebration has gone through a responsible process from dogma in God to abandon at the very beginning he was influenced by the Darwinian theory of evolution and Spencers Social Darwinism, and later by Arthur Schopenhauers theory of the internal will military group, and finally formed his own theory of evolution and social good kit and boodle of goodness. Hardy was in British alternative period of industrialization and commercialization, when tranquil and idyllic countryside was suffering from continuous destruction. Emotionally Hardy potful not deduct this, let alone accept it exactly intellectually, he realizes that it was the inevitability of social development. Hardy applied romantic nostalgia strokes to depict an infinite natural beauty of countryside, resulting in a melancholy sadness Hardy-style literature. The friction between sense and sensibility resulted in Hardy-style fatalism-pessimistic fatalism. The melancholy atmosphere of tragic fate hangs over Hardys novels, and with its rich sense of historical responsibility hardy inventively shows the erosion of the old patriarchal rural areas by Western modern industrial civilization in Britain represent by Wessex in his novels and the tragic fate of the peasant class in the process of social development. Objectively he attacked and criticized ruthlessly the ugly and evil society, but subjectively, Hardy felt depressed and confused with the alien force of modern civilization. Therefore, his philosophy failed in explaining the tragedy of the protagonists in his novels , like the ancient Greek tragedian batch not figure out a solution for the mystery of invigoration, he imagined that there is a majestic power in the world, thus formed his noted pessimistic fatalism.1.2 summary of the return of the nativeTraditional description of the Western landscape is about idyllic environment, respecting the natural beauty or sometimes schmalzy charm, but, in general, the tone is relaxed and lively, fulls of romantic and melancholy colors, this scene description of anti-traditional literary throw a strong telephone circuit between countryside and urban area.In paternity most of his novels, Hardy worked out the details of time and geography he wanted to use with great care. Almost every novel is, therefore, located in a specific, mapped-out area of Wessex and covers a specified period of time. The Return of the Native covers the period 1842-43 and is set on Puddletown Heath (called Egdon Heath in the novel), on which Upper Bockhampton is situated. This novel also reveals a side of Hardys authorship for which he has been taken to task by critics. In response to requests from readers of the novel in serial form, he added a sixth book to the original five to give his story a happier ending. He says in a note to the novel that the reader can choose which of the two endings he prefers but that the rigorous reader will probably favor the original conception.Hardy classified the retu rn to the native as a novel of character and environment. Albert Guerard calls it a tragedy of cross purpose, which is universal and vast. Here we have the brooding heath, less concerned over human beings caught in its spell than human beings are concerned over the plight of ants in an ant hill on its wild surface. Here we have characters, themselves strong personalities, acting upon each other and played upon by this imperturbable environment. Hardy believed literally in the power of imagination over the body and in the magnetic, compelling power of strong mind over the weak. In the return to the native the heath is the ultimate strong mind.1.3 Introduction of British industry revolutionThe British industrial diversity was a period from the 16th to the 18th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, transportation, and technology had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and pagan conditions of the times. The British Industrial Revolution fueled the fire of the world Industrial Revolution, from the United Kingdom subsequently to Europe, North America, and eventually the world.The British Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in British human history almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way. Most notably, average income and race began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth. In the two centuries following 1800, the worlds average per capita income increased over 10-fold, while the worlds population increased over 6-fold. In the words of Nobel Prize winner Robert E. Lucas, Jr. For the first time in history, the living standards of the masses of ordinary people have begun to undergo sustained growth. Nothing remotely like this economic behavior has happened before.Industrialization led to the creation of the factory which largely located in city. The factories postulate workers who were mainly from countryside. To attract the workers, the city provided more facilities than countryside, such as conv enient transportation, heating, better education. Therefore, it was the factory system that was largely responsible for the rise of the modern city, captivating large numbers of workers migrated into the cities in search of employment in the factories.Chapter 2 capitalism conflicts mirrored in the Return of the Native2.1 rural-urban conflicts2.1.1 The countryside in the eye of writers and English peopleCountryside, the access to nature, is the paradise of large number of writers who hold hatred to city and yearn for nature at heart. Against the smoky backdrop of begrimed cities, quixotic and Transcendentalist writers criticize industrialization as an unhealthy divergence from nature. These writers describe both the cities and nature with vivid images. By idealizing nature, authors like William Wordsworth and Henry David Thoreau show a contrast to the cruelties of city-life. In his more direct criticisms, William Blake focuses on specific images, usually describing the absence of n ature. Throughout their works, these writers form a cohesive protest to the smoke and the poverty of the industrial revolution using descriptions of nature to elaborate their criticisms.As a Romantic, William Wordsworth seeks truth about society in nature. To him, nature is the perfect teacher of the truest knowledge. His poems reflect this belief by idealizing nature in figurative language. He declares natures calming effects in Composed upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802 when he personifies the sleeping city. To Wordsworth, the beauty of the morning seems to put the city like a garment (1). He uses this simile to underscore the purity of nature and its positive effects on the city. He leaves the city in surreal inaction, however, to suggest that when the sun rises above its first splendour, the city will awaken, the air will no longer be smokeless, and nature will retract to the countryside. Wordsworth equates nature with two-eyed violet and openly worries that humankin d will lose natures gifts. In The World is Too Much with Us, Wordsworth echoes this concern Little we see in character that is ours/ We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon This sordid boon, or filthy gift, separates humankind from nature. In that poem, Wordsworth clearly states that humankind lays waste to its own powers by buying and selling nature, something not rightfully owned by any one. His most powerful metaphor says simply, we are out of tune. Wordsworth paints a translucent image of the city with nature and society without. He implies that the people have consciously rejected and abused nature but verifies that if society embraces nature, it could achieve the peace he sees while on Westminster Bridge. While Wordsworth describes nature in this shining poetry and vivid imagery, William Blake describes city scenes with a keen eye for the absence of nature. (1)As an American, Washington Irving, by his personal travelling to English countryside and own life experience in rural area, wrote Rural Life in England which depicted objectively the Englishs special feelings to countryside. The English, in fact, are strongly gifted with the rural feeling. They possess a quick sensibility to the beauties of nature, and a keen relish for the pleasures and employments of the country.1The ardently chicane and attachment of Englishmen for rural life and rural scene forged their characteristics and influenced their outlook to the world. In England, on the contrary, the metropolis is a mere gathering-place, or general rendezvous, of the polite classes, where they devote a small portion of the year to a hurry of gayety and dissipation, and, having indulged this kind of carnival, return again to the apparently more congenial habits of rural life. The various orders of society are therefore diffused over the whole surface of the kingdom, and the more retired neighborhoods afford specimens of the different ranks.2By comparison between rural life and urban life of En gland, Irving represented how the natural emotion of Englishmen unveiled thoroughly, namely, unboundedinformalfeel at home and checkless. In rural area, therefore, Englishmen can contract the real upper class joy of readingmusichunting so and so forth. Living cottages, hamlets or villas of villages near by castles feeding the line of descent in farm-houses wandering through parks and gardens after super walking along hedges and green lanes going to country churches on Sunday attending wakes and fairs, and other rural festivals and coping with the people in all their conditions, and all their habits and humors-all of these are their life content. That is the life Englishmen and writers cherished. Thats because rural life reflecting the harmony between man and nature, and man and man. living in countryside is the best way to get rid of the noisypollutedfickle and cold metropolis, to breathe the fresh air, to feel the untouched and sheer green world, and to keep an tranquil inner. A nd all of these are such nature.2.1.2 The erosion of countryside imposed by industrialism-------- -16-- ---------------------------Wessex -At Hardys time,-----------19-3050-----2.2 chief(prenominal) conflicts between rural-urban areas2.2.1 Differences in income, living conditions, education etc.2.2.2 Attraction of urban area to Urbanian2.2.3 Attraction of rural area to village people2.2.4 The conflict of Urbanian departure city and village people leaving countrysideChapter 3 Two Protagonists characteristics mirror rural-urban conflict3.1 The Comparative characteristics analysis of Eustacia and Clym, and the reasons3.1.1 The Characteristics of Eustacia and its reason3.1.2 The characteristics of Clym and its reason3.2 Conflicts between Two Protagonists characteristics mirror rural-urban conflict3.2.1 Eustacia envying to city life3.2.2 Clym longing for rural life grows up in cityConclusionNotesBibliography

What is a Good Life?

What is a Good Life? gentle beings throw off an inherent drive and passion for finding remission of sin in what they deem the expert life.For decades however, philosophers have struggled to argue a solid case for much(prenominal). It lowlife be suggested that many scenes work in unison to seize a good life, but what is it that could give a unified answer to this great philosophical question? This essay allow attempt to clarify such uncertainty, considering two perspectives of the good life.Firstly, ar there any characteristics, needs, abilities and sorted other elements that are shared by all mankinds? Secondly, if there are elements which exist, then what do these require the good life to include, or what must the good life be like, given the properties we all share? To attain the answers to these questions, reference will be given to Natural Law, Virtue Theory, well-being and mirth.We are all striving towards it, the good life, happiness, public assistance, a well- di e hardd life, fulfilment. But what is it that makes us feel good? though difficult to give a comprehensible definition, goodness is generally referred to as specific traits or properties of a real object or set of objects. more so, the concept of goodness can be divided into other, subsidiary concepts (Goodness and Value Theory, 2004). That is, a series of events which turn tail to innate goodness. In essence, both are deemed poster and leave no heartful definition for discussion.The good life is a condition in which a mortal will be the most clever. much(prenominal) happiness can be researched through a deductive perspective, which has been done by many philosophers over time (Wernqvist, 2007). Two such philosophers, Plato and Aristotle, deem the good life as the state in which a person exhibits total virtue. Throughout this essay, their works will be compared and contrasted to give clear argument to the meaning a good life for clements.Humans, their characteristics and th eir activities can be evaluated in relation to the parts they play in human life (Meyers-Levy, 2009). Alternatively saying, that every facet of human life can contribute to what is deemed good. Humans, being a subject of creation, at long last entail goodness. Such a life is one in which actions somebody does and feels leads to what is otherwise known as happiness. Such happiness is neither just an experience nor is it found as a result of following moral laws. Rather, happiness is an activity. It is the events of the individual which lead to the life of good. INSERT REFERENCE Over time, philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle have tried to highlight the concept of goodness by fend for various accounts. Such accounts do not require that a person who is well off simply experience any feelings of happiness or satisfaction. What they do require is that their intrusts are consciously fulfilled, which does not come down to the same thing (Angner, 2009).Plato argues that a person wil l exhibit total virtue when their desires have been quenched (barrel maker and Hutchison, 1997), while Aristotle believes the arrant(a) state of the individual will bring their ultimate virtue (Solomon, 1984).Cooper and Hutchinson (1997) write that Platos argument for the good life is stem from love be coiffe through this, individuals can rid themselves of desires. That is, love is actually the quest for that good. Aristotle argues that the good life is different for each individual because it comes from living ones life check to ones virtues, and each person has different virtues (Solomon, 1984).Through analysis of their works, both Plato and Aristotle agree the good life is a demonstration of perfect virtue. However, they take issue on the token definition of virtue and its relationship to happiness. in that locationfore, both disagree on the ways of attaining such happiness.Plato sees the good life as being attained through the perfect love and lack of desire (Cooper and Hu tchinson, 1997), while Aristotle believes that the good life is achieved through a perfect state which causes its citizens to act upon their virtues (Solomon, 1984).The original Platonic posture of the world, (cited Cooper and Hutchinson, 1997) is that it is a two tiered place, the upper tier being the world of perfection, the lower tier being the world of reality, and love falling somewhere in surrounded by. The possible action is that the plane of reality is an imperfect copy of the plane of perfection. According to the Platonic view, humans only see glimpses of the good while existing in the plane of reality.Plato believes that love is the midpoint between reality and perfection, mortality and immortality. Love does not fall into the sphere of immortals and perfection because how could love be a theology if he is not in possession of beautiful and good things? Since Love is the love of beautiful things, Love must have desires and accordingly cannot be a god Yet Love is great er than mortals because love has and always will exist. Thus Love is a great spirit, a halfway point between the realms of existence (Cooper and Hutchinson, 1997).To Plato, the good life is one in which a person is exhibits perfect virtue and is therefore closer to the higher realm of existence. Virtue is comes from the absence seizure of desires, so true happiness means being satisfied to the point one does not have desires. This satisfaction and happiness occur when a person arrives at the mystical understanding of the world (Cooper and Hutchinson, 1997).According to Plato, through Diotima and Socrates dialogue, love is the medium in which humans will attain the knowledge of the good, and come upon this understanding. It is human nature to seek out happiness, and ownership of good things makes one happy. (Cooper and Hutchinson, 1997).Solomon (1984) illustrates that in order to show that happiness lies in virtue, Aristotle first splits excogitates of the good into three parts, ou t-of-door goods, goods of the body, and goods of the soul. He goes on to say that goods of the soul (virtues) are the most important because with them, a person can gain material wealth and pleasure. Aristotle defines happiness and therefore the good life as the realisation and perfect exercise of excellence. This is subsequently referred to as Eudaemonia.Aristotles view of such is typically regarded as an objective account of well-being. Nonetheless, immanent stances do evidently play some role in well-being even according to Aristotle (Phillips, 2005). This is where the existence of goodness sustains a subjective account, because it describes a persons well-being as a function of his or her feelings, experiences, desires, and so on, thus making it a conscious attribute of human life.From a basic Greek translation, Eudaemonia is that of supreme life with fulfilment and happiness, identified after ones death. Such life is built of variable actions of excellence which are both intri nsic and extrinsic in their nature (Urmson, 1988).Recognised, are three types of excellence by Aristotle. They are Bodily excellence, the excellence of Character and the excellence of Intelligence. Two of these excellences (character and intellect) fall within the realm of human choice and rationalism. Bodily excellence is paramount to Eudaemonia, however exhibits little reference in this context (Urmson, 1988).There are also a number of influences that secure such excellence, often as a result of our actions through life. Controlled intrinsic actions are separated into two forms the Moral and the Intellectual. The Moral includes ones courage, piety, fairness and equality. The other form is that of Intellectual influences which include ones fine mind, wisdom and intuition. In contrast are ones extrinsic actions, which are often uncontrollable. They include our appearance, friends in high places (social connections) and wealth (Urmson, 1988).Our actions per sae can be defined as eit her a chain those actions that help you attain an end which in turn leads to a further end or as a direct result which is an action that helps you attain an end in itself. For supreme fulfilment, these actions work in unison with one another (Urmson, 1988).It is through such, as detailed by Urmson (1988) that happiness and fulfilment is an objective good, as opposed to a subjective state of living. This is not conditional, but absolute (Solomon, 1984). This in layman terms means ultimate happiness occurs when a persons actions are all virtuous and have finishings which are virtuous. It also implies that in order to live the good life, there must be no action which is unnecessary, but for the sake of virtue. This implies that the good life must be a universal goal because unless all people are perfectly virtuous, action must be taken to maintain virtue for those who are not virtuous.Take for example, ones ambition to become a Primary School Principal. It is through relevant studies and experience that the individual is able to achieve such a goal. Though there may be monetary benefits for holding such position, it is not something that would drive the individual to achieve. Their character and intelligence hold the greatest motivation for fulfilment. Such an example utilises Aristotles Eudaemonic theory of unison between chained and direct actions as well as the forms of excellence, as previously adhered to. Basing such a goal on pleasurable or political instincts, such as salary or power, is not a means by which Aristotle would deem leading a fulfilled Eudaemonic life.There are however three things that make men good and excellent these are nature, dress and campaign (Solomon, 1984). The road to happiness is through formation of habit and reason which create virtuous action, in addition to possessing a nature that compliments them.Both Plato and Aristotle see happiness as being virtuous, but disagree on the nature of virtue, causing their ideas to follow va ried paths. They do however meet at key points. Plato sees happiness as being close to godliness. By living virtuously one can obtain this godliness (Cooper and Hutchinson, 1997). To Aristotle, happiness is the result of being virtuous because by being so, one obtains pleasure and outdoor(a) wealth (Solomon, 1984).Plato and Aristotle further agree that education is the means to attain virtue, but they disagree on how a person should be educated because of their differing views on the cause of virtue.According to Aristotle (Solomon, 1984), virtue comes from the agreement of the nature, habits and reason in a humans conscience. Therefore, Aristotle states that education should begin from birth and it should involve changing the tykes habits and forming his reason so that their nature, habits and reason will align.Plato believes that virtue stems from an understanding of true Beauty, which exists only in the higher plane of the world. Thus Plato believes that education of a human bei ng should begin when the child is ready to love another. Platos ideal education involves bringing a person along by having him experience different forms of love between people, so that he may begin to love physical beauty and then beauty of the mind. Through this he sees the beauty in all things and eventually, with guidance understands all forms of beauty, ultimately understanding formless beauty (Cooper and Hutchinson, 1997).Another key agreement between Plato and Aristotle is the importance of interpersonal relationships in the quest for the good life. Both agree that interpersonal relationships account for the education of individuals, but Aristotle goes further because he sees attaining the good life as societal.He recognizes that if one is forced to take action because of others misdeeds, he cannot lead the good life, and therefore each person must be equal to the next so that nobody has to act on account of another (Cooper and Hutchinson, 1997).Human happiness is the foremos t concern for both Plato and Aristotle in their works of literature. Since happiness is almost a universal emotion their conclusions on the cause of happiness is similar. But, Plato and Aristotle are completely different individuals, so the causes of their happiness are, at the same time, completely different.In personal evaluation, I am inclined to side with Aristotles point of view for ultimate fulfilment. It is through the result of actions of excellence (both direct and chained) that we can demonstrate our way of life. This in turn fortifies perceptions of us having led a fulfilled and happy life. If one opted to follow fulfilment through mere pleasurable circumstances, i.e. because the money is good, then in Aristotles eyes, their life would be one deemed lavish, suitable for beasts pulled by desire and compulsion. Happiness cannot be placed on material things. It is a matter of setting a goal and looking past the superficial things that stand in the way. It is therefore releva nt to say that to lead a flourishing life, one needs to take ownership of the actions which lead to their lifelong goal. Actions often speak louder than haggle do. We as humans should do whatever it takes to produce the most fulfilment for ourselves. There is a distinct difference between feeling happy and merely being happy.

The Return Of Martin Guerre Film Studies Essay

The Return Of Martin Guerre Film Studies EssayTo begin, aim sess be a dangerous method if audiences intend is to study history. Films can really persuade audiences to the direction of the perspective of filmmaker this can be seen optimistically or pessimistically. If one does non have any formal knowledge of bakshish of references in the movie, how one visualize the characters are influenced by the interpretation of the filmmaker themselves. Films can valetipulate and control the minds of the audiences producers can make audiences adore, hate, sympathize or be panic-stricken with specific characters in the film. Furthermore, film assigns specific character for an antagonist or a ally. Personally thinking, the film made Arnaud du Tilh, the imposter of Martin Guerre, to look as the protagonist of the film. In comparison to the book, Arnaud appeared to have truly fallen in love with Betrande and acted like a good husband and father to her and her son. Unlike Arnaud Martin du Ti lh, Pierre Guerre was the character that appeared to be aggressive and money-hungry who did not want to inherit any money to his long lost supposed nephew. notwithstanding in contrast, films allow audiences to empathize with a character from the past. When viewers create strong relationship with a character, viewers enter the film as if it is part of their life audiences may believe they thus understand characters action and thoughts. Throughout the film, I came to love, hate, and sympathize Martin Guerre du Tilh. I felt attached to the character and had hopes that he was the true Martin Guerre though I knew he was not. I felt the strongest connection to Arnaud when he confessed that the reason why he pretended to be Martin Guerre was because he fell in love with Betrande at the first sight. When the audiences reach to see emotions and body language of a character, it creates stronger connection between the audience and the character. Another key disadvantage of realizeing histo ry through film is that it adds a lot of away but entertaining twists to make the film more attractive. Unfortunately, many audiences become completely absorbed and believe what is projected without any doubt. Nonetheless, these inaccurate twists bring entertainment and spark to history, luring the audiences attention.While the film allows us to sympathize and connect with historical characters, books allow audiences to interpret characters to audiences perspective. Audiences get to imagine characters rather than being influenced by the visual interpretation the filmmaker projects throughout the story. With film, audiences are trapped with the image that they see in the film with book, audiences get to imagine visual air and personality of a character. In other words, each audience can interpret the storyline and the characters on their perspective. In the book, The Return of Martin Guerre, Arnaud du Tilh appeared to be more as an antagonist rather than a protagonist as interpre ted in the film. Since the book focused on broader issue for example, explaining how Guerre family settled in Artigat and the life of Bertrande, Arnaud du Tilh did not seem as important character as shown in the film. I could only imagine him to be a fraudulent, pretending to be Martin Guerre to take the familys inheritance. Furthermore, unconnected the film, where it focuses on Martin du Tilh and Betrande de Rols, the book went beyond and explained the lives of other characters. For instance, Jean de Coras, the Toulouse judge who documented the infamous trial of the Sixteenth Century. Like Davis mentions in the preface of her book, she explains that the film failed to point out some historical record of the case such as the abandonment of the Basque background of the Guerres, and the rising of Protestantism from Catholicism in the rural area. Regarding accuracy, books always spread abroad the underlying historical truths broader and more accurately than films can ever. Written wo rk explains all the possible particulars that most films ignore due to its dullness and the clip limit. Learning history through written works, in general, seem more reliable and accurate compare to films produced for mass audience.Essentially, the film Le Retour de Martin Guerre is mostly true, ask out the fictional account of Bertrandes motives at the end of the trial. In the book, Arnaud du Tilh insisted on being the real Martin Guerre till his death. Bertrande, in the end of the film, confesses that Arnauds eyes told her to give up and select the newly claimed Martin as real Martin Guerre. In addition, Davis, a script consultant of the film, decided to write a more scholarly version of Martin Guerre after producing the film to assure a more historically accurate and detail work is available to public. However, she mentions in the introduction that she tried to look beyond the historical facts to execute and understand the motivation behind the characters pursuit. This read iness input Daviss perspective on possibilities and ideas that Betrande knew that the new Martin Guerre was not her husband and secretively agreed to help him become Martin Guerre. But essentially, this is only a theoretical guess and no one really knows if Betrande actually knew Arnaud du Tilh was her husband or not.Personally I prefer the film everywhere the book. The book was dull and uninteresting than the film. The film made me think the storyline is actually entertaining. The suspense created in the film really made me wonder if the man that claimed to be Martin Guerre, was indeed himself though I knew he was a fraudulent prior to watching the film. The film made the whole historical phenomenon to look real -the atmosphere, buildings, and even the lives of townsmen of Pyrenean village of Artigat seemed real. These really helped me to connect with the characters and the plot. Furthermore, media sources in general are a great way to introduce learners to historical events. Th ough there can be certain historical flaws, it still gives audiences a general storyline and visual interpretation of how life looked in certain periods. For example, the film, Le Retour de Martin Guerre, really presented the nipper life in the Sixteenth Century in France, while exhibiting the case of Martin Guerre. A person can say that the movie is lacking historical detail however, the meaning, lesson, and the essence of the storyline were presented in the movie. It is my opinion, the film could be rather boring and long if all the historical details were added. Unlike the book, audiences get to see and learn the life of the peasants. Although both reading the book and viewing the film helped me enhanced my understanding of the historical event, I would choose to show the film if I had to see history to students. Reading a historical book may not be as thrilling as watching a film and students might not get enough messages from the book as they are supposed to. But prior to or after viewing the film, I would teach the students some foundation and historical flaws which would help them learn the knowledge of the historical event and characters.In The Return of Martin Guerre, Davis went beyond the historical facts and tried to comprehend the possibilities behind the characters actions and pursuits. both(prenominal) the film and the print amazingly delivered the historical information of the infamous case of Martin Guerre, a man who lived three years of another mans life by slicker the village of Artigat. Unlike many other historical films, Le Retour de Martin Guerre remained mostly true to the historical facts and told the audiences a fiction-like real story in the Sixteenth Century. both(prenominal) mediums did excellent job informing historical occurrence to different types of learners. The book allowed us to learn broader and deeper into the roots of the content and taught audiences more in-depth view of each characters. However, my opinion is that th e film did even better job at communicating the message of the content to audiences in such a short time limit.

Hispanic, Worker, Student, Mother Essay -- Graduate College Admissions

Hispanic, Worker, Student, Mother I am the only girl and middle child in a family of five siblings. As is rough-cut in Hispanic culture, my status was automatically placed below that of my brothers by virtue of my gender alone. Even as a teenager, I was not allowed to go out to movies alone with my friends my younger brother was sent to keep an eye on me and report moxie to my mother. Needless to say, I was also not permitted to engagement in high tutor. At that time, without the social life afforded to other girls my age, I turned to academics. Captivated by muckrakers, yellow journalism, and the sheer power of the printed word, I notice through journalism my love for writing. The idea of writing something that would get the attention of my teenage peers, or anyone for that matter, appealed to me. In one column I wrote about clustering activity at my high school. I argued for tougher disciplinary measures for gang members and against ineffective administrative procedures i n dealing with gangs. However, one did not disrespect gangs in the school paper and expect it to go unnoticed. While my adviser feared for my safety, he agreed to run the column anyway. The day it ran, I walked into school with my head held high and inclined(p) for the worst, but it never came. Instead I got people talking talking about changes. I had succeeded in what I had intended for my writing. My senior year I became a correspondent for the El Paso Herald Post and earned an internship for the summer after graduation. Although I served as more of a gopher than a writer, no task was too small. I loved the opportunity to hang around the newsroom and witness seasoned veterans at work. When summer ended I was terrified at the prospect ... ...e I had loved in academics. I needed to do more for my daughter and myself. In the summer of 1996, 1 walked off the job and back into the classroom. Unlike the scared, sheltered girl fresh out of high school, I was now a single mother, a little older but farther wiser. While I had longed for my mothers approval when I began college, I now had the admiration of my daughter. As her role model, Im obligated not merely to teach her about certificate of indebtedness but also to show her what is right through my actions. I have balanced academics, a child, a household, and a job (sometimes two jobs) every semester mend continuing to have my writings published and making the best grades of my academic career. The decisions to keep my daughter and to raise her alone could have devastated my academic career, but alternatively they made me into a strong, dedicated, and balanced person.

The Bermuda Triangle Essay -- Bermuda Triangle Phenomenon Essays

The Bermuda TriangleOff the southern tip of Florida lies a phenomenon called the Bermuda Triangle. Ships, planes, and over one thousand lives were lost in the Triangle without a trace. Theories pay been put forth, but still no universally accepted explanation exists for the mystery that surrounds the Bermuda Triangle. The Bermuda Triangle covers almost 440,000 square miles of the Atlantic Ocean. An imaginary line that begins near Melbourne, Florida, extends south to Bermuda, and west to Puerto Rico before turning north to Florida, forms the Triangle. From 1972-1999, much than one hundred planes and ships have vanished into thin air. much than one thousand lives have been lost as well. One frightening aspect of this entire saga is that disappearances continue to occur at an alarming rate.A niggling part of the Bermuda Triangle lies in the Sargasso Sea. This sea is best known for its tall, thick, floating seaweed called Sargassum. The seaweed is thought to be a forest that once res ted on an island in the Atlantic Ocean. According to legend, the island sank at a very quick pace, taking with it the forest and vegetation. One of the most notable disappearances is that of Flight 19. This was basically what started the craze. The pip consisted of five Navy TBM Avenger torpedo bomber planes. Mechanics had certified the planes fit for flight. Flight planes were checked thoroughly and appropriately filed with the proper authorities. There were no indications that this mission would be anything other than a routine experience for the crews of these aircraft. Even the weather was cooperation. The forecast predicted clear skies and calm winds. Flight 19 left the meet Lauderdale Airport at 210 p.m. on December 5, 1945. At 340 p.m. Lieutenant Robert Cox noticed his radio begin to crackle. The contagious disease seemed to be directed to Powers. The person identified himself as FT-28, the call sign for Flight 19. FT-28 radioed that both of his compasses were out, and he was trying to find land.(Kusch)At 426 p.m. Fort Everglades Rescue intercepted a transmission from FT-28. Immediately, the rescue team called several stations along the coast and asked them to turn on their radar and attempt to square off the lost flight. At 604 p.m. Lieutenant Taylor radioed his flight crew to tell them they were off course and needed to adjust their course to a more ea... ...d have been set up by flying saucer. Dr. Stanley Krippner believed a black hole in space, called a vortex, existed where planes and ships that entered the Triangle did not come out. (Kusch)In spite of immediately?s advanced technology, scientists are no closer to solving the mystery of the Bermuda Triangle. Only the stories exist to explain the loss of over one hundred planes and more than one thousand live to this ?Triangle of alarm.? The discovery of Flight 19 raised more questions than it answered. No matter how it?s looked at something does happen whether it has a scientific explanation or not in ?The Bermuda Triangle?. It can?t be denied that nothing happens there with all of the recorded tragedies on this area. The centering to look at it is documentation is proof so it does exist.Works Cited Baumann, Elwood D. The Devil?s Triangle. Franklin Watts New York, 1976Berlitz, Charles. The Bermuda Triangle An Incredible Saga of Unexplained Disappearances. Doubleday and Company, Inc. New York, 1974 Burnvand, Jan Herold. ?Bermuda Triangle.? Encarta Encyclopedia. 1999 ed. Jeffrey, Kent Thomas. Triangle of Terror and Other Eerie Areas. Warner Books NewYork, 1975